1. CONVERSION TO PINYIN FOR CHINESE ROMANIZATION
After years of preparation, North American libraries are
finally ready to convert to the pinyin system for the
romanization of Chinese. October 1, 2000 has been
designated as "Day 1". Henceforth, all systematic
romanization of Chinese in cataloging will be done
according to the pinyin system, replacing the Wade-Giles
system which has been in use by the Library of Congress
and other North American libraries, including Stanford,
since the 1950's. This change will affect not just
records for Chinese works, but records for works in other
languages as well, if romanized Chinese access points are
used (e.g., a personal name as author, a geographic place
name as subject). Staff at SUL and Hoover are working
within the national framework to implement this new
standard within our catalog.
Differences between the two systems are manifested in
both spelling and spacing. For example:
Mao Tse-tung Mao Zedong
Pei-ching Beijing
The version on the left is romanized according to Wade-
Giles, and the one on the right according to pinyin.
In order not to have records that are romanized according
to these two different systems residing in the same
catalog, massive conversion projects are being planned
under the leadership of the Library of Congress, the
Research Libraries Group, and OCLC. The main
components are:
- OCLC will convert 180,000 name authority records that
are in the national authority file in August 2000.
- RLG will convert 170,000 Library of Congress Chinese
language bibliographic records in August/September 2000,
and then will tackle the remaining 2.5 million Chinese
records that are in the RLIN database, to be completed by
the end of April 2001.
- OCLC will convert Chinese bibliographic records in its
database (WorldCat) also by the end of April 2001.
During the transition period when a mixture of Wade-Giles
and pinyin records coexist in various systems, a pinyin
marker will be used (the 987 field in bibliographic
records and 008/07 in authority records) to indicate the
conversion status of an individual record.
In Unicorn/Socrates, we have approximately 6,000 Chinese
bibliographic records that belong to SUL, and 47,000 that
belong to the Hoover East-Asia Library. Our plan for
their conversion is to send the SUL records to OCLC,
which provides a conversion service that accepts records
from individual library systems, and to order a snapshot
file from RLG for the Hoover records after they have been
converted in RLIN. For authority records, we will receive
the converted records through our authorities service
vendor (LTI). Once they are loaded into Unicorn, all
linked bibliographic records, Chinese as well as non-
Chinese, will be updated with the new pinyin form of the
heading. The old Wade-Giles form will become a
see reference.
Unfortunately, these changes will not happen overnight.
Instead, they will be carried out over a period of
several months (roughly Oct. 2000-Apr. 2001). During this
transition period, one should be extra careful when using
romanized Chinese in catalog searching, and be mindful of
the fact that the target record(s) may be romanized in
either Wade-Giles or pinyin.
More information related to the pinyin conversion project
is available at http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/catdept
/pinyin.html