Mali on the Internet

Académie Africaine des Langues / African Academy of Languages, ACALAN: One of its goals is to promote the use of African languages in African intergovernmental organisations. Includes background on past Organization of African Unity decisions regarding African languages. Founded through the initiative of the President of Mali, Alpha Oumar KONARE. Has text of the OAU's Language plan of action for africa. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.acalan.org/

Afribone Mali: In French. Attractive annotated directory of information and web sites on Mali (government, economy, education, arts, tourism, the internet in Mali, weather, the press, etc.). Based in Bamako, Mali. http://www.afribone.com/

Afrique orale: Archives sonores et ressources documentaires de la tradition orale en Afrique: In French. Site on oral traditions, Amadou Hampâthé Bâ and Boubou Hama. Includes audio clips of 'L'histoire de l'Afrique racontée' par Boubou Hama, (Président de l'Assemblée nationale du Niger de 1960 à 1974), and 'L'explication d'un mythe' par Amadou Hampâté BA. Has a database of oral traditions holdings from Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroun, Guinea, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Senegal and other countries. Has a French translation of a 1236 document from the Mali empire. Site maintained by the Centre d'études lingusitiques et historiques par tradition orale, CELHTO. Based in Niamey, Niger. [KF] http://www.afrique-orale.org/

Alliance pour la Démocratie au Mali - Parti Africain pour la Solidarité et la Justice, ADEMA-PASJ.: In French. Political Party. Created in 1991. Aims at "...une amélioration durable des conditions de vie de nos populations,...". Has Party history, structure, manifesto, documents, projects, news, women's and youth sections. Web site based in Ontario, Canada. [CA] http://www.adema-pasj.org/

Art and Life in Africa Online - University of Iowa: http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/

Association des Historiens Maliens (A.S.H.I.M.A): In French. "créée en 1994 par les Historiens Maliens." Information on their Sept. 2001 congres, a Mali historical chronology.http://www.ml.refer.org/ashima/

Association Malienne pour la Promotion des Jeunes (AMPJ): In French. http://www.famafrique.org/femafrfranc/fafindex.html

Au Sénégal - Cartes postales anciennes: In French. Historical postcards (1900-1960) of former French West Africa (Senegal, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Burkina Faso) from the Archives Nationales du Senegal. Depicting people, historical events. Citations of the postcards are also in a Microsoft Access database (you need the Access program to use this). Part of a cdrom containing 1,515 postcards and the citations database. Maintained by Archivist Paléographe, Adama Aly PAM. Hosted on the Au-senegal.com site by Imédia, a Senegalese company. [KF] http://www.au-senegal.com/-Cartes-postales-anciennes-.html

Azel, Jose - The Dogon: Photo essay on the Dogon. "The material contained in this photovoyage was originally gathered for National Geographic magazine in 1989 by Photographer Jose Azel." Located on the site of photo agency, Aurora & Quanta Productions. The agency, founded by Jose Azel and Robert Caputo, sells photographs of international photojournalists. [KF] http://arc.auroraquanta.com/photos/cgi-bin/searchs.cgi

Bamako Culture: In French. E-magazine. News of cultural events, theatre, dance, film, art, music, literature, photography, new books, directory of links to Mali cultural web sites. Part of the Afribone Mali company. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.bamako-culture.org/

Bambara African Tours: In English, French, Spanish. "Travel agency in Mali. Our speciality is Mali, Ivory coast, and Burkina Faso tourism." Based in Bamako, Mali. http://www.bambara.com/bambara/

Canada. Dept. of Foreign Affairs & International Trade. Travel Information & Advisory Reports: Travel advisories, health conditions, report for Mali. http://voyage.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/destinations/menu_e.htm

CARE - Journey With CARE to Mali, Virtual Field Trip: Attractive site combining history, photographs, everyday life. Describes CARE's projects in Mali, brief accounts of griots, blacksmiths, rice farmers, etc. Has a booklist, short video clips, free screensaver. http://www.care.org/virtual_trip/mali/

Carter Center. Mali Activities: Describes their development assistance, democritization and election monitoring projects. Includes the full text of Observing The 2002 Mali Presidential Elections: Final Report. Pub. 2002. 42 p. In Adobe pdf. http://www.cartercenter.org/activities/showdoc.asp?countryID=47&submenuname=activities#

Cartes Postales d'Afrique de l'ouest, 1895-1930: An exhibit of historical postcards of Mali (Soudan francais) and West Africa from a cd-rom produced by l'Association Images & Memoires and UNESCO. Shows Bamako, Tombouctou, Bandiagara, women, colonial scenes, chiefs (Sidi Moctar, Behanzin, Samory Toure en captivité, Oba of Benin, notables from Mossi, Sierra Leone, Accra). Hosted on the Université Laval (Canada) site. http://www.fss.ulaval.ca/gersa/Images.html

CEFIB Internet Mali: In French. Reprints current news from Mali newspapers. Internet service provider. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.cefib.com/

Center for Research Libraries (Chicago, Illinois) - Mali Newspapers: A list of Mali newspapers, on microfilm, held by the Center for Research Libraries in Chicago is at: http://wwwcrl.uchicago.edu/paper/mali.html
Other Mali newspapers on microfilm from the CAMP project at CRL are at: http://wwwcrl.uchicago.edu/paper/webcamp2.html
A third list, African Newspapers Currently Received in American Libraries, by Mette Shayne includes Mali newspapers: http://wwwcrl.uchicago.edu/paper/Afrcurr1.html#Mali

Centre Culturel Francais (Bamako): Site for the French Cultural Centre in Bamako. Has information on Mali musicians, painters, dramatic artists. http://www.ccfbko.org.ml/

Centre Edmond Fortier: In Dutch, English, French. Photographs by Edmond Fortier on historical postcards,1900 - 1910. Has an exhibition of postcards from Tombouctou (1906), Benin (1908), Saint-Louis (1900), Djenné (1905). "Includes photographs of l 'Almami" Samori Touré, the son of El Hajj Umar. As photographer and publisher of postcards, he visited Senegal and Guinea, Mali in 1906, Ivory- coast, Benin and Lagos in 1908..." Sells copies of the postcards. Site maintained by Jacques Krekelaar. http://home.planet.nl/~kreke003

Centro Studi Archeologia Africana: Based in Milan. Has been working in Mali and Eritrea. Lists their research projects, publications, has a few online photos of rock art. http://www.lucia.it/CSAA/

Ceramic Traditions of Mali - Mission Archeologique et Ethnoarcheologique Suisse en Afrique de l'Ouest.: Photos and descriptions of pottery work by women. http://archeo.unige.ch/maesao/

Clio en Afrique - "Les Dogons, le pouvoir et la chefferie. Analyses à partir de quelques traditions orales": In French. Issue of the electronic journal of le Groupe de recherche (GDR) 1118 du CNRS, "Histoire de l'Afrique: Mémoires et Identités (XVIIème-XXème siècles)". Based at the Université de Provence. . http://www.up.univ-mrs.fr/~wclio-af/numero/5/thematique/index.html

See also: "Langue et identité en situation migratoire : identité ethnique, identité linguistique." "À chacun son bambara" by Véronique Rey and Cécile Van Den Avenne.; http://www.up.univ-mrs.fr/~wclio-af/numero/4/thematique/rey/index.html

Comite permanent inter etats de lutte contre la secheresse au sahel, CILSS: In French and English. " Le CILSS est créé le 12 septembre 1973. C'est une organisation Intergouvernementale qui regroupe neuf (9) pays sahéliens (Burkina Faso, Cap-Vert, Gambie, Guinée-Bissau, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Sénégal, Tchad). Son mandat actuel est de " s'investir dans la recherche de la Sécurité Alimentaire et dans la lutte contre les effets de la sécheresse et de la désertification, pour un nouvel équilibre écologique du Sahel." Full text documents, statistics (production, imports, exports), the journal, Flash CILSS. Based in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [KF] http://www.cilssnet.org/

Committee to Protect Journalists: Based in New York city, is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization which does not accept govt. funding. Has a Press Freedom Database. with a couple of Mali cases.
Main page: http://www.cpj.org
Database: http://www.cpj.org/cases/caseindex.html

Condominas Eric - Ethnographie Ordinaire, Gens du Mali: In French. Portraits of Malien individuals and families. Resume and account by the photographer, based in Paris. http://www.photographie.com/talent/portfolio/condominas/portfolio/fr/index.html

Congrès National d'Initiative Démocratique - Faso Yiriwa Ton, CNID-FYT: In French. Political party headed by Mountaga Tall. Information on the May 2002 Presidential election. http://www.cnid.org.ml/

Coupe d'Afrique des Nations 2002 au Mali, COCAN Mali 2002: In French. Includes Légendes et vérités du football malien, biographies of COCAN officials, cities where the African Cup of Nations wil be played, profiles of Seydou Keita and Mahamadou Dissa, etc. Based in Bamako, Mali. http://mali2002.com/

[Diallo] Moussa Diallo: "Bass player, singer and composer. Born....in Paris, France. Brought up in Bamako, Mali and currently residing in Copenhagen, Denmark" Audio clips, tour dates, photos, videos. Has produced a CD and book on African traditional stories (4 p. in pdf). http://www.moussadiallo.com/

Djeli ya, Griots et musiciens de Mali: In French. Black and white photographs, by Olivier Gresset, of Mali musicians and griots, including Baaba Maal. http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Bistro/7168/index.html

Djembé-l: A discussion list and web site on the "musical culture of West Africa. Emphasis is upon the countries of Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Côte d'Ivoire." Site offers videos, books, CDs for sale, has past messages, and a directory of teachers and master drummers. http://www.drums.org/djembefaq/index.htm

Djenné Patrimoine: In French. Site of the Association pour la promotion du patrimoine culturel de Djenné. Full text articles from its bulletin, DJENNE PATRIMOINE Informations. Photographs showing repairing / maintaining the mosque. Sketches of Djenne by Pierre Ducoloner. Called the city of 313 saints, has a map showing locations of tombs of saints. Based in Djenné, Mali. [KF] http://www.djenne-patrimoine.asso.fr

Diarra, Cheick Modibo: Dr. Modibo is technical manager for the Mars Exploration Directorate, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA, Pasadena, California. On MaliNet, the Mali based web site. http://www.malinet.ml/personnalites/

Dogon - Lobi - River Niger Albums: Some 400 photographs in three photo albums on the Dogon (Mali) , River Niger, and Lobi (Burkina Faso). One or two word captions only. Photographs by Huib Blom. http://www.dogon-lobi.ch/

ELDIS: To retrieve full text articles on Mali (women, cotton production, maize technology adoption), search the ELDIS database (on development and the environment) from the British Library for Development Studies at the Institute of Development Studies, Sussex, UK. ELDIS links to Alta Vista's free Translation service (English-French).
http://nt1.ids.ac.uk/eldis/eldsea.htm

Ethnologue -Mali: From the publication, Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 13th ed. (Dallas, Tx.: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1996), edited by Barbara F. Grimes. Provides numbers of speakers by language, dialects, linguistic affiliation, etc.
Mali: http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Mali.html
Main Page: http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/

Festival sur le Niger: "a unique spectacle, with music and dance from the region, as well as well-known West-African artists, who will play on the river Niger. The 2009 Festival is January 29 through February 1. "The Forum brings together historians, anthropologists, sociologists, economists, and writers." Concerns tourism and development of the Segou area. http://www.festivalsegou.org/

Le Figuier: In French. Publisher founded in 1997, based in Bamako, Mali. Its books are sold through Le Livre francais. Produces general literature, books for young people, books in Mali's national languages. http://www.livre-francais.com/

Florida Geographic Alliance - Africa 6th - [ Mali]: Lesson Plans From the 1992 Geography Academy for Teachers. "Florida Geographic Alliance is a professional organization affiliated with the National Geographic Society...and housed at the Florida State University....It is comprised of Primary, Secondary, Community College, and University Geography Educators,...." Lessons plans for studying African topics. http://fga.freac.fsu.edu/academy/

Topics:
Africa: An Introductory Look
African Animals: Can They Survive?
African Deforestation And Desertification
Unfolding the Mystery of Timbuku

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO): Search the site to retrieve many articles/reports on Mali. http://www.fao.org/

Food Security Project - Michigan State University - USAID: Joint project, since 1992, of MSU's Dept. of Agricultural Economics and USAID to increase food security in developing countries. The projects are described thru Project Fact Sheets; areas covered include Ethiopia, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda, the Sahel. Summaries are also available for the project's Policy Syntheses which includes Mali. Ordering information for the full reports is available. http://www.aec.msu.edu/agecon/fs2/

Footsteps (Peterborough, NH): Print magazine on African & African American history for middle school children (ages 10-14). Has a full text article on Africans in the United States, by Harvard Prof. J. Lorand Matory. Each issue of the magazine focuses on a different theme. Has teachers' guides for its Liberia issue by Jo Sullivan, for the Mansa Musa: King of Mali issue, Published by Cobblestone Publishing, Peterborough, NH. http://www.footstepsmagazine.com

Ford Foundation. Secrets of the Sahara. By Christopher Reardon: Secrets of the Sahara is a well-written account (Ford Foundation Report, Summer 2003) of efforts by Mali scholars to preserve manuscripts from the 14th century onwards. "Dozens of families in Timbuktu are working to preserve a trove of ancient manuscripts that may redefine the history of Islam and Africa." "Many of the ancient texts date back to the Songhaï empire, a prosperous kingdom that peaked in the 15th and 16th centuries." Topics cover "astronomy, mathematics, medicine and geography. There are poems and folk tales." http://www.fordfound.org/publications/ff_report/

Gospel Missionary Union: "an international faith mission with more than 400 missionaries serving on four continents." Describes their work at the Evangelical Protestant Church of Mali. The GMU is based in Kansas City, MO. http://www.gmu.org/

Groupe de recherche et d'échanges technologiques (Gret): GRET is a non-profit founded in 1976, " un organisme d'appui au développement..." Has full text reports such as Institutional Innovations and Water Management in Office du Niger (1910 - 1999)
The Long Failure and New Success of a Big Irrigation Scheme by Jean-Louis Couture, Philippe Lavigne Delville, Jean-Bernard Spinat. 2002, 59 p. Full text in Adobe pdf. (Documents de travail de la Direction scientifique N° 29)

"In Mali, the Office du Niger irrigation scheme had long been a technical and financial failure. After nearly 20 years of physical rehabilitation, and economic and institutional change, it is now seen as a success story. How did such changes occur?" http://www.gret.org

Henning, Reinhard - Combating Desertification: the Jatropha Project of Mali, West Africa: Full text article from the Arid Lands Newsletter, Fall/Winter 1996, No. 40. Published by the Univ. of Arizona (Tucson), Office of Arid Lands Studies. http://ag.arizona.edu/OALS/ALN/ALN40/jatropha.html

Histoire de l'Afrique de l'Ouest

In French. Site created by historians from West African universities. Contents include un annuaire des historiens [with current research, publications, activities), news (conferences, publications, etc.), chronologies for West Africa and each of the countries covered: Burkina Faso, Togo, Niger, Mali, Sénégal. Has historical maps from the book, Afrique Noire. Histoire et civilisations, edited by Elikia M'BOKOLO (Paris, Hatier, 2004 - right click and open separately for a larger map) and a bibliography on West African history.

Has -
a databases of citations to history theses (Mémoires, maîtrises, DEA et thèses) from West African universities completed from 1970 à 2004.

a study on historiography - Sur les enjeux contemporains de l'histoire de l'Afrique by Pierre KIPRE.

a study on historical methodology - Les sources européennes de l'histoire de l'Afrique noire du XVe au XIXe siècle. Quelle méthodologie ? by Simon-Pierre EKANZA

"une sélection [of citations] d'archives sur le Burkina Faso recensées et conservées au Mali (at the Archives Nationales du Mali, Koulouba). Has links to related sites. The web site has support from the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie. [KF] http://www.histoire-afrique.org/

Hunwick, John - CEDRAB: The Centre de Documentation et de Recherches Ahmad Baba at Timbuktu: Description and holdings of the Centre from the journal Sudanic Africa (Bergen, Norway), no. 3 (1992), 173-181. The Centre is a repository for c. 6,000 historical documents in Arabic. http://www.hf.uib.no/smi/sa/3CEDRAB.html

Inagina, the Last House of Iron: About a documentary film on metallurgy work by the Dogon blacksmiths of Mali. "In Mali, on the cliffs inhabited by the Dogon, an ethnoarchaeologist and a cameraman participated in an extremely rare event : the reduction of iron ore. The experience was filmed and is a unique testimony of a thousand-year-old technology which has now disappeared." Directed by Eric Huysecom, Department of Anthropology and Ecology, University of Geneva and Bernard Agustoni, of Télévision Suisse Romande. In English and French. http://archeo.unige.ch/inagina/index.gb.html

Institut d'Economie Rurale (Bamako, Mali): In French. The Institute conducts research for agricultural development, provides technical consultation. Has a directory of its researchers. http://www.ier.ml

International Boundaries Reseach Unit, University of Durham: Founded 1989 at the Univ. of Durham (UK). Has a keyword searchable News Database which retrieves articles from the BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, West Africa, Keesings, and other sources. Also has a keyword search of messages posted to their email discussion list, Int-Boundaries. [KF]
News Database: http://www-ibru.dur.ac.uk/database/data.html
Int-Boundaries Discussion Archive: http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists-f-j/int-boundaries/search.html
http://www-ibru.dur.ac.uk

International Freedom of Expression Exchange Clearing House (IFEX): Issues Actions Alerts, tracks threats to freedom of the press, radio. Do a keyword search by country to retrieve reports about African newspapers, and media related civil liberties issues. Has past alerts from 1995 to date. Main Page: http://www.ifex.org/

International Monetary Fund. Mali and the IMF: Full text reports on Mali's economy. Includes "Mali: Recent Economic Developments" and "Mali - Statistical Annex." http://www.imf.org/external/country/MLI/index.htm

International Monetary Fund - Mali- Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix (1999): IMF Staff Country Reports No. 99/20). Has the full text in Adobe .pdf format. 82 pages. http//www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.cfm?sk=2992.0

International Telecommunication Union. Rural Application Focus Group: Gathers information on projects to develop technology for rural telecommunications applications. Summaries and full text case studies. Use the Search, by Country, to locate these studies on Mali -
Rural Community Radio Stations in Mali (also in French).
Multipurpose Community Telecentres: In support of People-Centred Development (Mali). http://www7.itu.int/itudfg7

Internet Society Mali: The Mali chapter of the international non-profit Internet Society. http://www.isocmali.org/

Introduction to Islam, by M. Cherif Bassiouini: The full text of the book (Chicago: Rand McNally Corp., 1988). "The purpose of this book is to convey to a non-Muslim audience an understanding of Islam, its history, culture, and contribution to civilization." Includes photographs (students in Mali, etc.), sections on women in Islam, the Islamic calendar, fasting during Ramadan, Islamic fundamentalism, architecture, science, etc. The author is Professor of Law, DePaul University. [KF] http://www2.ari.net/gckl/islam/introislam.htm

[Issébéré] Dene Issébéré: Malian Dogon composer / singer, "the daughter of Hamadoun Ibrahima Issébéré, the famous Malian poet who was awarded the ACCT prize in France in 1978." Audio clips from her albums, the new album “Ladilikan”. Longer audio clips at http://www.myspace.com/deneissebere. http://www.deneissebere.net

Johnson (Lyndon B.) Library and Museum: Has full text oral history interviews in Adobe Acrobat .pdf format. Use the Acrobat Find (the binoculars) for keyword searches. Walt Rostow talks about a meeting with President Kennedy and President Keita of Mali reassuring Kennedy that Africa would not become communist. [KF] http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/

[Keita] Modibo Keita: In French. Biography, historical photographs, of Modibo Keita, Mali's first president. Includes a history of the Mali Empire with map and Mansa Musa in a 1375 atlas by Cresques; a history of the Mali Federation and the Union Soudanaise R.D.A, Keita's work for pan-africanism, a 1999 memorial to Keita, historical audio accounts such as the "La proclamation d'indépendance," etc. http://modibokeita.free.fr/modibokeita.html

KickStart (formerly ApproTEC): An NGO founded in Kenya in 1991, works in Kenya, Tanzania, Mali. "Each summer, ApproTEC has a very limited number of internships at its offices in Nairobi, Kenya. These non-paying positions are for experienced business, economics, and engineering design graduate students or professionals. ApproTEC assists small business people "to identify viable business opportunities, to access the technologies required to launch the new enterprises and to widely market new products." Example: Designed a water pump which has helped Kenyans grow food more efficiently and profitably. ApproTEC received one of five Tech Museum of Innovation award for technology benefiting humanity - Source: San Jose Mercury News, 1C. Nov. 8, 2002, p. Based in Nairobi and San Francisco. http://www.approtec.org/

Kidal.info: In French. "dédié à l'Adagh et à la Région de Kidal." Has a map, historical chronology, government and phone directories, news, discussion forum, list of books/cds on Mali, links to Mali sites, etc.
Site maintained by a French-Malian team (Alain Brégy, Cheikh ag Baye, Pierre Boilley). [KF] http://www.kidal.info

Kime's International Law Directory: An internet version of the print directory published in the UK since 1892. Has brief Notes on the Legal System of Mali.
Mali: http://www.smlawpub.co.uk/kimes/countries/mali.cfm

Kingdoms of the Medieval Sudan: An introduction to the history of Sudanic Africa (the states of Songhay,
Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland.) Discusses trade and Islam. Photographs by Lucy Johnson illustrate - Images of Islam (Grand Mosque at Jenne), River Scenes, Daily Life, The Dogon, Traditions and Beliefs, The Desert. Has multiple-choice tests. Project arises from a Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant to Xavier University's Center for the Advancement of Teaching (New Orleans, LA). Site by J. Rotondo-McCord. http://webusers.xula.edu/jrotondo/Kingdoms/

[Koite] Habib Koite & Bamada: Malian guitarist Habib Koite and his band Bamada. Biography, audio clips, tour dates, press quotes. On the site of Putumayo World Music, Koite's recording label. http://www.putumayo.com/cd/habibkoite/habibhome.htm

Libraries of Timbuktu: International project to preserve ancient Islamic manuscripts in Timbuktu. "There are an estimated sixty to eighty private collections of historical manuscripts in the city of Timbuktu alone."; Projects include:
ARELMAT, Archivage Electronique des Manuscrits de Tombouctou; IHERI-AB, Institute des Hautes Etudes et de la Recherche Islamique - Ahmed Baba, Timbuktu; Kati Family Library; Mamma Haidara Library; Timbuktu Libraries Project
http://www.sum.uio.no/research/mali/timbuktu; "Scholars of Peace: The Islamic Tradition and Historical Conflict Resolution in Timbuktu" by Dr. Mahmoud Zouber, Abdoul Kader Haidara, Mamadou Diallo, Dr. Stephanie Diakité (5 p.) - full text, in Adobe PDF, of an account of 15th-18th century scholars in Timbuktu and the role of Islamic scholars and leaders in conflict resolution.

Library of Congress. Ancient Manuscripts from the Desert Libraries of Timbuktu: "Dating from the 16th to the 18th centuries, the ancient manuscripts... are indicative of the high level of civilization attained by West Africans during the Middle Ages." "The manuscripts...are from the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library and the Library of Cheick Zayni Baye of Boujbeha,..." Has images of the documents which concern Islamic knowledge of astronomy, law, the Songhai Empire, slavery, Sufi religion, mathematics, political governance, medical knowledge, attitude towards non-Muslims, trade. [KF] http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mali/

Library of Congress - Islamic Manuscripts from Mali: "twenty-two Islamic manuscripts [in Arabic script] containing important insights into the life and culture of West Africans during the late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era." Topics include astrology, commerce, Islamic law, health care, mysticism, slavery, and agriculture. A project of the Library of Congress and the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library of Timbuktu, Mali. Includes maps - Timbuktu in Space and Time, a history of Timbuktu as an Islamic cultural center, and Timbuktu architecture. http://international.loc.gov/intldl/malihtml/malihome.html

Life in Africa Foundation: An NGO to promote "an increased international understanding of Africans, and life in Africa," supports microfinance institutions in Africa, "which make credit and savings services available to the poor, who otherwise have no access to money from banks." Offers free email subscriptions to their publications.

Has photos and accounts of living in Uganda, Gabon, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Tanzania by Christina Jordan-Haitsma, an American from California, who moved to Uganda in October 1998 with her Dutch husband, Epko, and their two small children,. http://www.lifeinafrica.com/

Living Memory: Six Sketches of Mali Today: 2003 film. Directed by Susan Vogel. Produced by Susan Vogel, Samuel Sidibé, Eric Engles & the Musée National du Mali . "a film about Mali's ancient culture, and this culture's position in the country today. Filmed with a Malian crew, cut to the beat of Malian music,..." For sale or rental by First Run Icarus Films. http://www.frif.com/new2003/lmem.html

Love and Marriage: Marriage Related Court Cases from Colonial Mali: French Soudan (Mali) Colonial Law Database Project. Registers of civil disputes in colonial Mali from 1905-1912. The disputes were brought by Africans before native courts. Has an online calculation of penalties owed in marriage cases. The site is part of History Professor Richard Robert's research on the "meanings of power, authority, and challenges to authority" in colonial French Soudan [Mali]. On the web site of the Stanford University Humanities Lab. [KF] http://shl.stanford.edu/Court/

[Mage, Eugène]. Eugène Mage au Soudan (1863-1866): In French. Full text account which first appeared in the Revue Maritime et Coloniale, (Paris, 1867 - 1868). Has biographical profiles on Mage and Louis Quintin, a 1866 map (in 12 sections). Maintained by Régis Quesada. http://palissy.humana.univ-nantes.fr/CETE/TXT/MAGE/Mage.html

Maison de la presse du Mali: In French. Articles from Mali newspapers, a directory of Mali newspapers, a directory of media associations in Mali, Mali radio stations, regulatory bodies, cybercafes, etc. Site created by Maison de la Presse in Bamako with the assistance of l'Institut Panos Afrique de l'Ouest. [KF] http://www.mediamali.org/

Mali Blog: In French. Blog by journalist, Thierry Perret, who has worked for Radio France Internationale for over 20 years. http://mali50.wordpress.com/

Mali. Délégué général aux élections: In French. "La Délégation Générale aux Elections est dirigée par un Délégué Général assisté d’un Adjoint, tous deux nommés par décret du Président de la République." Text of the Electoral Law, the Political Party Charter. Directory of Mali political parties. http://www.dgemali.com/

Mali. Embassy. United States.: Official site, in English and French. Has information on travel, tourism, visa information including a printout application, government information, the national anthem, the economy and investment, news sources and articles on Mali, email contacts for Embassy staff, etc. Has links to other African embassy websites. Maintained by the Malian World Network for the Embassy.
http://www.maliembassy-usa.org

Mali Interactive: Accounts of archaeological excavations and information on the people and culture of Jenné will be posted to this site from Jenné, Mali January 18-30, 1997. The project leaders include Rod and Susan McIntosh from Rice University's Anthropology Dept. U.S. 4th, 5th, and 6th graders from a Texas school district will email messages to Mali and receive replies from the project participants. A goal is to save archaeological information from destruction by erosion. Jenné is the earliest known urban settlement south of the Sahara and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Has photos, news, teaching resources, information on Mali and archaeology. http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~anth/arch/mali-interactive/index.html

Mali. Journal Officiel: In French. Full text laws, ordinances, decrees are online. Based in Bamako, Mali. http://www.sgg.gov.ml/

Mali. Ministère de l'Administration Territoriale et des Collectivités Locales: In French. Has a directory of political parties, the 2007 Presidential Election, election statistics, the electoral process, decentralization, full text of the electoral law, regional government officials, border relations, list of Christian and Muslim organizations in Mali, population statistics, a list of associations, a list of NGOs (104 p. in PDF).. http://www.matcl.gov.ml/

Mali. Ministre de l'Artisanat et du Tourisme: In French. http://www.malitourisme.com/fr/cgi-bin/index.pl

Mali. Ministère de la Culture: In French. Official site. How to obtain authorization to film in Mali. Cultural events (Biennale artistique et culturelle, etc.) [KF] http://www.maliculture.net/

MaliMusic.com - MALI K7 SA: In French. Biographies of Mali musicians (Alou Sangaré, Batoma Diallo, Adama Namakoro Fomba, Souleymane Traoré dit Néba Solo, Issa Bagayogo, Mamou Sidibe, Déné, and others), album photos. Links to related music sites. Maintained by the record label Mali K7, based in Bamako. http://www.mali-music.com/

Mali-NTIC.com: In French. News on information and communication technology in Mali, directory of internet service providers, reports and interviews. Part of Afribone Mali. http://www.mali-ntic.com/

Mali Pages: In French. A Mali yellow pages, huge directory of businesses, government offices, NGOs, banks, cybercafes, hotels, economic / business news from Mali, Cote d'Ivoire newspapers. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.malipages.com/

Mali. Présidence: In French. Official site. President's biography, speeches, full text of the Constitution, text of laws, words to the national anthem, former Presidents, the President's speeches, the National Assembly, press communiques, etc. http://www.koulouba.pr.ml/

Mali. Secrétariat Général: In French. Official site. Full text of Laws, Ordinances, communiques from the Conseil des Ministres, etc. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.sgg.gov.ml/

MaliBa: In French. Discussion forums, a section on Education ("Les étudiants Maliens qui désirent étudier au Canada pourront trouver ici des informations qui les aideront dans leur choix."), chat, photographs (marked with the Maliba copyright), short videos of events / traffic in Mali. Based in British Columbia, Canada. [KF] http://www.maliba.com

Malikounda: In French. Reprints curent news by cateogry from on-line Mali newspapers. Design a online postcard to send. Has many discussion forums (politics, society, sports, humor, business, "amour et sentiments," tourism, ICT). Tourism section. [KF] http://www.malikounda.com/

Malinet - Malians Abroad Network: Site for the discussion list, Malinet. One can subscribe to the list. Has a members directory, information on the Mandeka Theatre in Bamako, African recipes in French, links to Mali related sites, etc. The listowners are Pierre C. Sibiry Traore and Abdoul Karim Sylla. http://callisto.si.usherb.ca/~malinet/

Malinfo Technologies: Computer "Consulting, Web Site Design, Custom Made PCs, and Tutoring for personal, small and midsize businesses, from metro cities in Georgia, in New York City, and metro cities in Mali-West Africa." Based in Marietta, Georgia (US). http://www.malinfotech.com

MaliWatch: "L'Initiative mAliWatch est une association internationale apolitique interessee a l'education civique, a la promotion et a la protection de l'Etat de droit et au developpement decentralise au mAli." "L'adhesion a mAliWatch est ouverte a toute personne physique ou morale qui se reconnait dans les caracteristiques et objectifs de l'association." http://www.maliwatch.org/

Mande Studies (Madison, Wisconsin): Journal of the Mande Studies Association (MANSA), a multidisplinary group with interests in the Mande region of West Africa. Has the table of contents. MANSA also publishes a print newsletter. http://uweb.txstate.edu/anthropology/mansa/

Mbendi - Mali Country Profile: Basic country information, brief information on the mining and oil/gas industries. By MBendi Information Services (Pty) Ltd. a business consulting company in Claremont, South Africa. http://www.mbendi.co.za/cymlcy.htm

The Meanings of Timbuktu - Edited by Shamil Jeppie and Souleymane Bachir Diagne: Full text of the book is online. 416 pages. HSRC Press, 2008. Topics include Arabic calligraphy, Arabic literature, Ajami, Muslim women scholars, Mali manuscripts, Arabic material in Zanzibar, etc. [KF] http://www.hsrcpress.ac.za/product.php?productid=2216

Mia Mali: Crafts from Mali - baskets, jewelry, placemats, bedspreads, wire toys, figures made from recycled cans, foot stools, handbags, scarves, leather boxes, bronze animals. Serves wholesale buyers. Does not deal in museum quality antiques. "Our method is to work side by side with artisans in their or our workshops while developing new products." Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.miamali.com/

Le Monde diplomatique: A few older articles, in French, from the Paris newspaper. http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/md/index/pays/mali.html

Mouvement National de Libération de l'Azawad, MPLA: In French. Tuareg rebel group opposed to the Mali government. Declared the northern Mali region they captured independent, April 2012. http://www.mnlamov.net/

Museum for African Art - Bamana: The Art of Existence in Mali: Exhibit, in New York city,19 September 2001 through 3 March 2002 with guest curators, Jean-Paul Colleyn and Catherine De Clippel. One page description of the exhibit (art objects, photographs, etc.) with selected examples. http://www.africanart.org/html/exhibitions.html

Musiques Afro-Caribeennes - Mali: Lists of albums and biographical information on the musicians. Part of the Africa Net site hosted by the Institut National de l'Audiovisuel in France. http://www.ina.fr/CP/Music/Pays/mali/index.fr.html

Musow, le magazine (Bamako): In French. Magazine for women. Interviews with prominent women, the law and women in Mali, health, recipes, fashion, photographs, letters, personals and penpals section. Part of the Afribone Mali company. [KF] http://www.musow.com/

Network Startup Resource Center: Information on the internet and networking in Mali. Has full text documents providing a history of the internet in Mali. NSRC, run by Randy Bush, John Klensin, Steven Huter, Michael Downhill, is a major site for information on electronic networking in Africa.

Nous Sommes Le Sang (We Are the Blood): "documentary about the evolution of jeliya, the art of the djeli. Djelis [griots] are ....... West African musical bards .....who have carried the history and culture of Mande West Africa for at least 1,000 years." http://www.noussommeslesang.org/main.html

Observatoire du Marche Agricole: In French. "L'OMA a pour mission de collecter, de traiter et de diffuser des informations statistiques, réglementaires et autres sur tous les facteurs qui influencent la formation des prix pratiqués sur le marché agricole." Has conference reports (with USAID and other bodies), issues of its Bulletin de conjoncture. Based in Bamako, Mali. [KF] http://www.oma.gov.ml/

OMVS, Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal: In French. "L'OMVS est l'aboutissement d’un long processus de tentatives pour la maîtrise et l’exploitation rationnelle des ressources du fleuve Sénégal et de sa vallée." Members are Mali, Mauritania, and Senegal. Objectives include "Réaliser l’autosuffisance alimentaire pour les populations du Bassin; • Réduire la vulnérabilité des économies des Etats membres de l’OMVS face aux aléas climatiques ainsi qu’aux facteurs externes;..." Has a Centre de Documentation et d'Information Scientifique et Technique. Based in Dakar, Senegal. [KF] http://www.omvs.org/

Onzou Records - Yaya Diallo's Traditional & Contemporary West African Music: "Music and work of Malian Yaya Diallo. Independent record label producing traditional & contemporary West African music in collaboration with Malian musician / composer Yaya Diallo." Audio files online. Maintained by Stephen Conroy. [KF] http://www.onzou.com

Organisation internationale de la Francophonie: Extensive information, in French, on Francophone Africa and French-African relations. Formerly Agence de cooperation Culturelle et Technique, ACCT, an inter-governmental organization for French-speaking countries. http://www.francophonie.org/

ORTM : Office de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision du Mali: In French. Mali's national radio and TV corporation. http://www.ortm.net/

Panos Institute: Has a directory of media in Africa and of the Mali press.; http://www.panos.sn/ See also Maison de la presse du Mali
http://www.mediamali.org/

Parti pour la Renaissance Nationale - PARENA: In French. Political Party. President is Tiébilé Dramé. Party history, structure, regulations, president's biography, news, declarations, speeches, video clips, photographs. Party based in Bamako, Mali. [CA] http://www.parena.org.ml:8105/index.html

Peace Corps, Kids World - Mali: A page for children about the U.S. Peace Corps' work in Mali. Has an account of Ramadan and a lunar eclipse in Mali. http://www.peacecorps.gov/kids/world/africa/mali.html

The Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, The University of Texas at Austin: Has political maps of Mali: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/africa.html
and an 1855 map of Timbuktu: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/historical/history_africa.html

Political Parties: Alliance pour la democratie au Mali, ADEMA
In French. Government political party (as of May 2001). http://members.dencity.com/adema/; Mali. Ministère de l'Administration Territoriale et des Collectivités Locales
In French. Has a directory of political parties, full text decrees, information on the electoral process. http://www.matcl.gov.ml/

Population Index on the Web: Retrieve citations to articles, book chapters, books, government documents, dissertations through a keyword search. The online database covers all issues of Population Index from 1986-1997 (Vols. 52-63) and a broad range of subjects: women's issues, fertility, migration, child mortality, economic development and population, nutrition and health, urban and rural spatial distribution. The Index is published by Princeton University's Office of Population Research. http://opr.princeton.edu/popindex/

Radio Liberte (Bamako): May be the first Malian radio station to broadcast online. Need sound card, speakers or headset to hear the audio. http://www.comfm.com/live/radio/radioliberte/

Radio Libre Kayira: In French, with some English pages. A radio cooperative founded to promote tolerance, respect, and democratic vigilance. Information on the different stations and their activities, philosophy, etc. http://www.kayira.org

Rassemblement Pour le Mali, RPM: In French. Political party. President is Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta known as "IBK". Has party manifesto, statutes, structure, history, speeches, motions and resolutions, information on l'Union des Femmes du Rassemblement Pour le Mali. Party based in Bamako, Mali. Web site based in Heidelberg, Germany. [CA, KF] http://www.promali.org/rpm/

Regards-Croises - Programme de recherche universitaire franco-malien: sur l'histoire des relations entre la France et le Mali de l'esclavage a nos jours. Information about research on Mali by scholarship recipients from France and Mali. http://www.regards-croises.org/

Repertoire des sigles et acronymes en usage dans la Francophonie: One can retrieve a list of acronyms of Mali organizations. Clicking on the highlighted names retrieved provides the address of the organization. A service from the Canadian, Banque internationale d'information sur les Etats francophones, BIEF. http://206.231.118.6/bief/bief3/ReSigl01.cfm

Repertoire d'information sur les droits de la personne en Francophonie - Mali: Search the database for a directory of human rights organizations and other NGOs in Mali. Produced by the Canadian organization, Banque internationale d'information sur les Etats francophones, (BIEF).; Repertoire: http://www.acctbief.org/publica/repinfdp.htm; Mali: http://net.tecsult.com/bief/bief8/re8.cfm

Reporters sans Frontieres / Reporters without Borders: RSF (based in Paris) supports freedom of the press world-wide. Its site includes reports of actions against journalists in Mali. It has copies of protest letters sent by the organization regarding violations in African countries. (English) http://www.rsf.fr/uk/indexuk.html

Reseau des journalistes économiques du Mali (RJEM): http://www.spider.toolnet.org/rjem/index.htm

River of Sand: A Canadian TV documentary which premiered Oct. 1998. "...a heartfelt evocation of the music, culture and people of Mali, West Africa, as seen through the eyes of acclaimed singer/songwriter Bruce Cockburn." Includes replies by Cockburn to questions about Mali posed by the public. http://www.kensingtontv.com/go/riverofsand/indextop.html

Saharan Studies Association: The Saharan Studies Association is an international group of scholars associated with the African Studies Assoc. of the U.S. The full text of the Newsletters from Vol. 1, No. 1, 1993 to date are online, in Adobe pdf. Topics include archaeology, Arabic manuscripts, slavery, Muslims and colonial rule. The Newsletter editor is David Gutelius. Projects include manuscript preservation in Mali and the African diaspora in North Africa and the Middle East in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. http://www.ssa.sri.com/

[Sidibé, Malick] Venice Biennale: In Italian and English. In 2007 Malick Sidibé (Mali, 1936) was awarded the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the 52nd International Art Exhibition, he will be "the first African artist so honored." http://www.labiennale.org

Le Site non-officiel du Mali: Links to many different web sites, not arranged in any particular order. The main page has many graphics and takes a while to load. Maintained by Sebastien Tardif. http://www.geocities.com/NapaValley/2111/Mali.html

Slavery and Manumission Manuscripts of Timbuktu: "From the Bibliothèque Commémorative Mama Haidara in Timbuktu, Mali, a collection of 19th century manuscripts relating to slavery and manumission in Timbuktu. The materials, in Arabic script , provide documentation on Africans in slavery in Muslim societies." Browse the 206 mss. by subject. Project of the Center for Research Libraries, the Cooperative Africana Microform Project, CAMP, and Northwestern University. (CAMP)http://ecollections.crl.edu/cdm4/index_timbuktu.php?CISOROOT=/timbuktu

Small Arms Survey - "Armed and Aimless: Armed Groups, Guns, and Human Security in the ECOWAS Region": Full text of the book. Maps, bibliographies. Edited by Nicolas Florquin and Eric G. Berman. "detailed information on more than 35 armed groups that have destabilized West Africa since 1998" "The Small Arms Survey is an independent research project located at the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland." http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/books

Includes - Nigeria (oil producing states, Christian-Muslim conflict), northern Mali (Tuareg-Arab, Al-Qaeda influence), Ghana (gun manufacturing), Liberia, Guinea (refugees from Liberia, Sierra Leone, Cote d'Ivoire), Mano River Union (child soldiers in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone), Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Senegal (Casamance), Sierra Leone, Togo.

Smithsonian National Museum of African Art - Mali Empire and Djenne Figures: Has photos of two terracotta figures, a short history, map, timeline, suggested classroom activities, readings, links to further web resources. http://www.nmafa.si.edu/educ/mali/

Societe des Telecommunications du Mali (SOTELMA): The government telecommunications company. Has a searchable phone directory. http://www.sotelma.ml/

South Africa Timbuktu South Africa-Mali Timbuktu Project: Timbuktu Manuscripts Project Trust, Department of Arts and Culture, Department of Science and Technology, UCT and the Ford Foundation. 1 page in pdf http://www.news.uct.ac.za/mondaypaper/archives/?id=5295 South Africa-Mali

Spider: In French. Internet service provided in Bamako, Mali. Runs a cybercafe. http://www.spider.toolnet.org/

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Articles Databases: One can retrieve citations to journal articles on Mali through a keyword search. http://www.sipri.se/SFgate.html

Summit Communications - African Union: Text of a special advertising supplement in the New York Times, October 15, 2001. Covers U.S. - Africa relations, business opportunities, privitization in Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mali. "Summit [based in New York City] produces high-quality, informative sections that are distributed with The New York Times." http://www.summitreports.com/africanunion/

Tierno Bokar: Site for the play directed by Peter Brook adapted from Amadou Hampate Ba's book, Vie et enseignement de Tierno Bokar: le sage de Bandiagara. The U.S. premiere was at Columbia University. "Tierno Bokar (1875-1939) was a Sufi sage,... and a spiritual leader in his village in Mali. His clan, exponents of repeating a Sufi prayer 12 times, was embroiled in a debate with a rival clan that advocated repeating it 11 times, a debate that devolved into a conflict over power and leadership in the Tijani Sufi Order. Video clips and transcripts of interviews. Site at Columlbia University, New York city. [KF] http://www.tiernobokar.columbia.edu

Timbuktu Trading Corporation: West African and Mali handmade arts, crafts, masks and wood carvings, mudcloth clothing. "A joint effort between Malian and American partners." http://www.timbuktutrading.com/

[Traore] Rokia Traore: Maliian contemporary singer, songwriter, guitarist. Includes audio samples. More audio samples at Calabash Music. Biography at African Musicians Profiles. Video of her Womad 2004 performance on Youtube. http://www.rokiatraore.net/

Travel Document Systems - Mali Page: A visa/passport expediting service for U.S. citizens. One can print out a visa application form in Acrobat or Common Ground format. Uses the CIA World Factbook information though did not have the latest edition. http://www.traveldocs.com/cg/index.htm

Union Technique de la Mutualité Malienne (Bamako, Mali): In French. "est chargee d'assurer le developpement de la mutualite au Mali dans le cadre du projet soutenu par la Cooperation Francaise, la Mutualite Francaise et d'autres partenaires." About mutual insurance societies in Mali. Has articles from the Bulletin d'information. http://www.datatech.toolnet.org/mutualitemalienne/

United Nations Development Program - Mali: In French. http://www.ml.undp.org/

United Nations. High Commissioner for Refugees and Refworld: Mali news from Refworld. The UNHCR in Mali. http://www.unhcr.org/

U.S. Agency for International Development. Development Experience Clearinghouse: Full text reports from USAID consultants. http://www.dec.org/; Use the Search the Development Experience System
Documents are in Adobe PDF format. Also locate print documents which can be purchased. Examples of full text reports: "Diagostic sur le cadre juridique, reglementaire et institutionnel du secteur de la microfinance au Mali," "L'economie rurale a Kita [Mali]," "Lessons from school-based environmental education programs in three African countries [Mali, Tanzania, and Zambia]," "Overview of the privatization process in Mali," "Final meeting report : IMF World Bank HIPC [highly indepted poor countries] -- evaluation : Mission Mali." [KF]

United States. Army Strategic Studies Institute (Carlisle, Pennsylvania) - Mali

Has full text reports on Africa, in Adobe PDF format. http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ssi/
Examples.

Refining American Strategy in Africa by Dr. Steven Metz, Feb. 2000. 72 pages.
Conflict and Conflict Resolution in the Sahel: The Tuareg Insurgency in Mali by Lieutenant Colonel Kalifa Keita, May 1998. 46 pages
The United States and the Transformation of African Security: The African Crisis Response Initiative and Beyond by Colonel Dan Henk and Dr. Steven Metz, Dec. 1997. 47 pages
Military Medical Operations in Sub-Saharan Africa: The DoD "Point of the Spear" for a New Century, by Lieutenant Colonel C. William Fox, Jr., June 1997. 33 pages

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Chiefs of State & Cabinet Members - Mali: Provides a list of the President, Cabinet members, the Governor of the Central Bank, the country's Ambassador to the U.S., and its U.N. Representative. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/mali.html

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. World Factbook - Mali: Offers 3 versions of a map for the country, 4 versions of the flag, information on geography, people, government, economy, transportation, communication, defense. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ml.html

United States. Congress: Thomas, U.S. Legislative Information, is a great resource. Keyword search access to the full text of the U.S. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD(similar to parliamentary proceedings or debates) and to Congressional legislation. Scroll down half way to locate the Congressional Record Text: Congress: 105th (1997-98) - 104th (1995-96) - 103rd (1993-94) http://thomas.loc.gov/

U.S. Department of State. Report on Human Rights Practices - Mali.: 2010 Report, 2009 Report, 2008 Report, 2007 Report, 2006 Report, 2005 Report, 2004 Report, 2003 Report, 2002 Report, 2001 Report, 2000 Report, 1999 Report, 1998 Report, 1997 Report, 1996 Report, 1993-1995 Reports. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/

U.S. Department of State. Consular Information Sheet - Mali: http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_962.html

Université ouverte des 5 Continents: Les universités de Bamako et de Paris 8, avec le soutien de l'Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF) organisent l'Université ouverte des 5 Continents à Tombouctou (Mali). http://www.universite-cinq-continents.org/

Universite Paris 7 - Laboratoire Societes en Developpement dans l'Espace et dans le Temps (SEDET): Multi-disciplinary research unit on comparative studies of the Third World. Includes a list of theses, a few on Mali, completed at U. Paris II and maîtrise and DES completed at the ENS Bamako.
ENS Bamako theses: http://www.sedet.cicrp.jussieu.fr/sedet/Afrilab/Afrtrav/MALI.HTM; Univ. Paris 7 site: http://www.sedet.cicrp.jussieu.fr/sedet

University of Oslo. Mali Program: Describes present and past academic program on Mali environment and development, the Timbuktu Libraries Project to preserve historic manuscripts. Has links to web sites on Mali. http://www.sum.uio.no/research/mali/

University of Pennsylvania African Country Pages and Search Engine: Maps, an embassy directory, travel, language information. Site created by Julie Sisskind, now maintained by Ali Dinar. UPenn has a keyword search facility for their very large web site. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/Mali.html

World Bank - Aid and Reform in Africa: Lessons from Ten Case Studies: Full text in Adobe PDF. Covers Ghana, Uganda, Ethiopia, Mali, Tanzania, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Zambia, Democratic Rep. of the Congo, Nigeria. How can aid be used to support reform. Pub. March 2001. http://www.worldbank.org/research/aid/africa/release/aid.htm

World Bank - Capacity Building in Africa: March 2005 Report assesses World Bank support for public sector capacity building in Africa over the past 10 years based on country studies of Benin, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique. http://www.worldbank.org/oed/africa_capacity_building/

Yattara, Almamy Maliki and Bernard Salvaing - Almamy : une jeunesse sur les rives du fleuve Niger: In French. Preface by Adame Ba Konari. (Imprint: Brinon-sur-Sauldre : Grandvaux, 2000. 443 p.) "Almamy Yattara, born in Mali in about 1922, tells the story of his childhood and youth in Guimballa, a region to the south-west of Timbuctoo. At the same time as he was pursuing his higher education in Islamic studies with great masters, he learned about agriculture, stock breeding, commerce, fishing, hunting, living in a world where the supernatural and the everyday are inextricably linked." "He presents an unusual light on the encounter between Islam and colonisation in a region of Mali still hardly affected by modern and colonial influences. Has extracts from the book, photos, reviews of the book. http://salvaing.free.fr

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Please send corrections to Karen Fung.