African Online Digital Library

Project of Michigan State University, IFAN, and WARC. http://www.aodl.org/
Includes -
Sampling from L'Institut Fondemental d'Afrique Noire, IFAN (historical photographs),
Collection Boubacar Barry (historical writings on the Futa Jalon from Professor of History Barry,
Phil Curtin Collection (photographs, audio interview on his work on economic change in precolonial Senegambia in the era of the slave trade, Bundu),
Photographs from “Passport to Paradise’: Sufi Arts of Senegal and Beyond (the "urban visual culture of the Mourides, a Senegalese Sufi movement centered upon the life and teachings of a local saint named Sheikh Amadou Bamba"),
Mosques of Bondoukou (photographs) and
Futa Toro, Senegal and Mauritania ("The Fulbe people have played a prominent role in West African history, and a complete background on the Fuuta Tooro Oral History Project is available." Plus interviews in Pulaar). [KF]

African Religion - Wim van Binsbergen

Full text articles and photographs on "(1) popular Islam in North Africa; (2) historical African religion in South Central Africa; (3) Christian churches in South Central and Southern Africa; (4) historical African religion in West Africa; (5) historical African religion in Southern Africa..." Has a forum on "on anthropological and intercultural-philosophical aspects of African religion." See also his site Wim van Binsbergen. van Binsbergen is a Professor at Erasmus University, Rotterdam and a certified spirit medium/ diviner/ priest in the sangoma tradition of Southern Africa. http://www.shikanda.net/african_religion/

African Studies Centre, Leiden - Islam in Nigeria

"the Library, Documentation and Information Department of the African Studies Centres aims to provide background information on the history of Islam and Islamic law in Nigeria. It contains a selection of titles from the library catalogue, an introduction on Islam in Nigeria, and a selection of links to relevant web resources." Includes journal articles. http://www.ascleiden.nl/Library/Webdossiers/NigeriaAndIslam.aspx

African Studies Centre, Leiden - Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa

Citations to books, journal articles, web resources from the last 20 years. The dossier was compiled to coincide with the conference on 'Islam, Disengagement of the State, and Globalization in Sub-Saharan Africa'' Paris 12-13 May 2005. Includes book jackets from selected titles. http://www.ascleiden.nl/Library/Webdossiers/IslamInAfrica.aspx

African Traditional Religion - Chidi Denis Isizoh

Isizoh's site has full-text articles such as "The Role of  Women in African Traditional Religion" by John Mbiti, "Crime & African Traditional Religion" by S.A. Adewale, articles on Christianity, Islam and African religions and a 49 page bibliography of books and articles. http://afrikaworld.net/afrel/

ArchNet: Islamic Architecture Community

"online community for architects, planners, urban designers, landscape architects,...". Find full text books and many photographs, by country. Course syllabi, such as Seminar in African Art and Culture Art, Architecture and Tradition; Building Identity in West Africa (Dr. Peter Mark). From the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning. http://archnet.org

Books include -

Zanzibar: A Plan for the Historic Stone Town. By Bianca, Stefano & Francesco Siravo. 1996.

Mosque Architecture in Buganda, Uganda. By Timothy Insoll. 1997. Chapter in Muqarnas XIV: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World. Gülru Necipoglu (ed). Leiden: E.J. Brill, 177-189. In PDF.

Barnes, Andrew - Aryanizing Projects, African Collaborators and Colonial Transcripts

Full text article. 15 p. in PDF. On British colonial policy re northern Nigeria, Islam, the Fulani, Christian missionaries. Footnotes. In Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, Vol. XVII, No. 2, 1997. Published by Duke University Press. [KF] http://www.cssaame.ilstu.edu/issues/V17-2/BARNES.pdf

Barry, Boubacar - Collection Boubacar Barry

In French. (Historical writings on the Futa Jalon from the collection of Professor Boubacar Barry. Digitized by the West African Research Center, Dakar Senegal). From the African Online Digital Library, a project of Michigan State University, IFAN, and WARC. http://www.aodl.org/barry.php

Contents include:

Histoire de la région de Boké. Monographie du Rio Numez.
Par l'Administrateur J. FIGAROL. D'avril 1911 à fin 1912. 117 pages, in MS Word. "Located in the mountains of today's Guinea Conakry,....., the Futa became an Islamic state (using the expression Almamate, from "imam") over the course of the 18th century as Fulbe (Fulani) lineages mobilized their supporters against a variety of Mandinka chiefdoms who had dominated the area."

Rapport sur l'Expédition de la Haute Gambie. Author unknown. Publication date unknown. 44 pages, in MS Word.

British Broadcasting Company. The Story of Africa

"the history of the continent from an African perspective." "from the origins of humankind to the end of South African apartheid" by major African historians (Jacob Ajayi, George Abungu, Director-General of the National Museums of Kenya and others). Includes a page on Islam, has audio clips of each segment of the BBC program. (Requires sound card, speaker or headphone). Each segment has a timeline, bibliography, useful links. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/

Bugaje, Usman Muhammad

Contains full text conference papers and other studies by Bugaje. Topics include Muslims and Islam in Nigeria, women and Islam, Islamic education in Katsina State, Usman Dan Fodio, the Sokoto Caliphate, governance, education, and the Hajj, the U.S. and the Middle East. [KF] http://www.webstar.co.uk/~ubugaje/

Centre for the Strategic Initiatives of Women (Washington, D.C.)

" In the Horn of Africa, CSIW's strengthens women's political participation in civil society for peace, democracy and human rights." Has a directory of Horn of Africa women's groups, maps. [KF] http://www.csiw.org/There are full text reports on -

Women's Right in Islam (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan)
The Culture and Tradition of Women in Somalia
Women's Work in Peace: Lessons from Training Projects in the Horn of Africa

Columbia International Affairs Online

Subscribers only; many universities subscribe. Use their Search to locate many full text articles, reports, briefings, by keyword, author, date, institution. Examples - "Chemical Weapons in the Sudan: Allegations and Evidence" by Michael Barletta; "Christianity and Islam in Africa's Political Experience: Piety, Passion and Power" Ali A. Mazrui; "Religion and Conflict in Sudan: A Non-Muslim Minority in the Muslim State" by Yehudit Ronen. http://www.ciaonet.org/

Communaute Layene / Layene Brotherhood

In French, English, Italian, Arabic. Official site of the Layene Brotherhood, an Islamic sect, founded by Seydina Limamou LAYE ((1843-1909) who declared himself the Mahdi. Biography & genealogy of Seydina Limamou LAYE born in Senegal. Who is the Mahdi? The Caliphs of the Mahdi, Early Disciples of the Mahdi, The Holy Places, Religous Practices, Sermons. Bibliography. [KF] http://www.layene.sn/

A Haverford College student, Matthew Kearney, has a website on the Layene Brotherhood.

Djenné Patrimoine

In French. Site of the Association pour la promotion du patrimoine culturel de Djenné. Full text articles from its bulletin, DJENNE PATRIMOINE Informations. Photographs showing repairing / maintaining the mosque. Sketches of Djenne by Pierre Ducoloner. Called the city of 313 saints, has a map showing locations of tombs of saints. Based in Djenné, Mali. [KF] http://www.djenne-patrimoine.asso.fr

First Ismaili Electronic Library and Database (FIELD)

Has the full text of speeches given on visits to Africa by Prince Karim Aga Khan IV (also Shah Karim Al-Husseini). There are interviews, graphics of stamps commemorating the Aga Khan architecture award, etc. http://www.ismaili.net/html/

Ford Foundation. Secrets of the Sahara. By Christopher Reardon

Secrets of the Sahara is a well-written account of efforts by Mali scholars to preserve manuscripts from the 14th century onwards. "Dozens of families in Timbuktu are working to preserve a trove of ancient manuscripts that may redefine the history of Islam and Africa." "Many of the ancient texts date back to the Songhaï empire, a prosperous kingdom that peaked in the 15th and 16th centuries." Topics cover "astronomy, mathematics, medicine and geography. There are poems and folk tales." http://www.fordfound.org/publications/ff_report/

George Mason University. Center for History and New Media - Women in World History

Primary sources about women and gender with guidelines to using primary sources. Sources include excerpts from the 17th c. Journal of Jan van Riebeeck, letters of the grand-daughter of Jan van Riebeeck, rock art of the San, drawings, narrative of the Cape (Southern Africa) 1705 to 1713, the situation of slaves in the Cape, letter of Mary Moffat, narrative by Mary Kingsley, autobiography of Buchi Emecheta, African novels, excerpt from Tsitsi Dangarembga's novel Nervous Conditions. http://chnm.gmu.edu/wwh/index.html

Has a case study by Beverly Mack on Nana Asma'u, Muslim Woman Scholar and one by Jeremy D. Popkin, The Calling of Katie Makanya (South Africa 1873-1956) and a classroom module on Cultural Contact in Southern Africa (17th century including slavery).

Holds online forums for teachers; the forum beginning October 1, 2005 is Women in World History. Beginning November 2005 is a forum on Women in Africa.

Hanretta, Sean - "Islam and Postemancipation in French West Africa: Exploring the History of Yacouba Sylla"

In PDF. (scroll almost half way down). In Items & Issues, Vol. 3, Nos. 1-2, Spring 2002. Pub. by the Social Science Research Council, New York, NY. http://www.ssrc.org/programs/publications_editors/publications/items/ItemsSpring02Final.pdf

Hunwick, John - "The Same but Different: Approaches to Slavery and the African Diaspora in the Lands of Islam"

Full text in Adobe PDF format, in the Saharan Studies Association Newsletter, V. 7, No. 1/2, Dec. 1999. Keynote address, Workshop on Slavery and the African Diaspora in the Lands of Islam, Northwestern Univ. 1999. On the web site of the Saharan Studies Association. [KF] http://ssa.sri.com:8002/news/newsletters/v7n1-2.pdf

Imam amd the Pastor

Produced by FLTfilms, London. "The film’s protagonists, Imam Muhammad Nurayn Ashafa and Pastor James Movel Wuye, have first-hand experience of the violence, both as victims and as militia members. Close relatives of Ashafa were killed by Christians; Wuye lost his hand when Muslims tried to kill him. Today they are joint Directors of the Interfaith Mediation Centre in northern Nigeria’s main city, Kaduna." Executive Producer: David Channer. Producer/Director: Alan Channer; Assistant Producer: Imad Karam. http://www.fltfilms.org.uk/

Article in For a Change magazine (Dec. 2006/Jan. 2007). http://www.forachange.co.uk/index.php?stoid=876

Article from Initiatives of Change USA (formerly Moral Re-Armament)

Article - Nigeria: From Rivalry to Brotherhood, March 2006

Obituary of David Channer (Executive Producer & father of Alan Channer)http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article1771813.ece

Interfaith Mediation Center (Kaduna, Nigeria)

"founded in May 1995 by former militant religious youth activists, to address the issue of ethno-religious conflicts, which has been a source of instability in the world, particularly in our country Nigeria." Papers such as religion, peace and violence in West Africa: Islamic solution (2002), Achieving a lasting peace on the Plateau (2002, Strategies for mass action against corruption, economic crimes and financial crimes in Nigeria (2003). http://www.interfaithng.org/

See also The Imam and the Pastor, a documentary.

Internet African History Sourcebook - Paul Halsall

Has full-text sources for African history arranged by topics. Includes Islam in Africa, ancient Egyptian religion, Ethiopia and Christianity, African traditional religion. Maintained by Paul Halsall, Fordham University. [KF] http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/africa/africasbook.html

Introduction to Islam, by M. Cherif Bassiouini

The full text of the book (Chicago: Rand McNally Corp., 1988). "The purpose of this book is to convey to a non-Muslim audience an understanding of Islam, its history, culture, and contribution to civilization." Includes photographs (students in Mali, etc.), sections on women in Islam, the Islamic calendar, fasting during Ramadan, Islamic fundamentalism, architecture, science, etc. The author is Professor of Law, DePaul University. [KF] http://www2.ari.net/gckl/islam/introislam.htm

Islam and Africa, Conference, April 19-22, 2001, Binghamton, New York

Islam and Africa: A Global, Cultural and Historical Perspective. Conference hosted by the Institute of Global Cultural Studies, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York. http://www.maroc.net/IslaminAfrica/

Islam in Africa Map - University of Texas, Austin. Library

Shows predominantly Muslim countries and coutnries with significant Muslim minorities. The map does not designate South Africa which has significant Muslim communities. From the Perry Casteneda Library Map Collection, Univ. of Texas at Austin. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/africa_islam_87.jpg

Islam in Africa Newsletter

Published by PRISM, Project for the Research of Islamist Movements. "analyzes information, political, religious, and social developments, events, or documents on Radical Islam and Islamic movements in Africa." See Vol. 1, No. 2, June 2006. Based at the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel. http://www.e-prism.org/

Beginning June 28, 2006 there was some criticism on the discussion list, H-Africa regarding the contents of some of the articles.

Islam in Africa Organisation, IAO

IAO originated from a request by participants at the 1989 Abuja "Islam in Africa Conference." Has some information about Islamic African countries. http://www.islaminafrica.org/

Islam in Comparative Context

Curriculum information for K-12 on the web site of the Office of Resources for International and Area Studies, Univ. of California, Berkeley. http://www.ias.berkeley.edu/orias/Islam.html

Islam Tanzania

In Swahili and English. About Islam and Muslims in Tanzania. "African Islam in Tanzania" by Abdulaziz Y. Lodhi and David Westerlund covers history, organizations, a bibliographical essay. Has other articles and links to related sites. Has full text articles from the Swahili journal, Nasaha and from An-nuur, weekly Kiswahili magazine from Dar es Salaam. Has full text of the book, Mwembechai killings and the political future of Tanzania by Hamza M. Njozi. [KF] http://www.igs.net/~kassim/

Islamic Family Law

Islamic family law is "the most widely applied family law system in the world today,..." The project seeks to "explore and substantiate possibilities of reform within particular communities of Muslims in their own context." For each country covered, provides a history, legal practices, effects on women, a bibliography. Full text of "Domestic Violence and Shari’a: A Comparative Study of Muslim Societies in the Middle East, Africa and Asia" by Lisa Hajjar. From the Emory University, School of Law. [KF] http://www.law.emory.edu/IFL/

Journal of Religion in Africa

"...founded in 1967 by Andrew Walls. In 1985 the editorship was taken over by Adrian Hastings, who retired in 1999. It is interested in all religious traditions and all their forms, in every part of Africa,..." Libraries pay $172 a year. Published by Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands. http://www.brill.nl/product_id7322.htm

Journal of Religious History

Table of contents only. Volume 23, Number 1, February 1999 was a Special Issue: Africans Meeting Missionaries, edited by Jean Landau and Derek Peterson, with papers presented at a conference at the University of Minnesota in 1997. Pub. by Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, U.K. http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0022-4227

Kane, Ousmane - Intellectuels non europhones

Full text. 78 p. in PDF. (Dakar, Sénégal : Codesria, c2003) In French. On Muslim intellectuals. Part of CODESRIA - Full Text Books Online http://www.codesria.org/Links/Publications/monographs.htm

Khidmatul Khadim - "The Official Home Page of Islam-Al-Muridiyyah"

"an association of Murid Daahira, organizations and individuals that provides a common platform for presenting Islam-Al-Muridiyya. Our purpose is to support the Murid communities worldwide in developing religious, educational and business outreach programs." Includes biographical information on Shaykh Ahmad Al Baki (Ahmad Bamba Mbacke), the holy city of Touba, the the Murid educational system, how to promote Shaykh Ahmad Bamba Day, and a link to American African Financial International of America. Maintained by Khadimu Rassul Society, Inc., New York City. [KF] http://www.khidmatulkhadim.org/

Kingdoms of the Medieval Sudan

An introduction to the history of Sudanic Africa (the states of Songhay, Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland.) Discusses trade and Islam. Photographs by Lucy Johnson illustrate - Images of Islam (Grand Mosque at Jenne), River Scenes, Daily Life, The Dogon, Traditions and Beliefs, The Desert. Has multiple-choice tests. Project arises from a Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant to Xavier University's Center for the Advancement of Teaching (New Orleans, LA). Site by J. Rotondo-McCord. [KF] http://webusers.xula.edu/jrotondo/Kingdoms/

Libraries of Timbuktu

International project to preserve ancient Islamic manuscripts in Timbuktu. "There are an estimated sixty to eighty private collections of historical manuscripts in the city of Timbuktu alone."

Projects include:
ARELMAT, Archivage Electronique des Manuscrits de Tombouctou

IHERI-AB, Institute des Hautes Etudes et de la Recherche Islamique - Ahmed Baba, Timbuktu

Kati Family Library

Mamma Haidara Library

Timbuktu Libraries Project
http://www.sum.uio.no/research/mali/timbuktu

"Scholars of Peace: The Islamic Tradition and Historical Conflict Resolution in Timbuktu" by Dr. Mahmoud Zouber, Abdoul Kader Haidara, Mamadou Diallo, Dr. Stephanie Diakité (5 p.) - full text, in Adobe PDF, of an account of 15th-18th century scholars in Timbuktu and the role of Islamic scholars and leaders in conflict resolution.

Library of Congress - Ancient Manuscripts from the Desert Libraries of Timbuktu

"Dating from the 16th to the 18th centuries, the ancient manuscripts... are indicative of the high level of civilization attained by West Africans during the Middle Ages." "The manuscripts...are from the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library and the Library of Cheick Zayni Baye of Boujbeha,..." Has images of the documents which concern Islamic knowledge of astronomy, law, the Songhai Empire, slavery, Sufi religion, mathematics, political governance, medical knowledge, attitude towards non-Muslims, trade. [KF] http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mali/

Library of Congress - Islamic Manuscripts from Mali

"twenty-two Islamic manuscripts [in Arabic script] containing important insights into the life and culture of West Africans during the late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era." Topics include astrology, commerce, Islamic law, health care, mysticism, slavery, and agriculture. A project of the Library of Congress and the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library of Timbuktu, Mali. Includes maps - Timbuktu in Space and Time, a history of Timbuktu as an Islamic cultural center, and Timbuktu architecture. http://international.loc.gov/intldl/malihtml/malihome.html

Lodhi, Abdulaziz Y. - The Institution of Slavery in Zanzibar and Pemba

(Research Report 16) 43 p. Uppsala, Sweden, Scandivavian Institute of African Studies (now Nordiska Afrikainstitutet), 1973. Full text report, in Adobe pdf. Appendix I: Categories of Africans and Arabs. [KF] http://www.nai.uu.se/publications/books/book.xml?id=25051

Lusotopie (Paris)

From the Association des chercheurs de la revue Lusotopie. Pub. by Editions Karthala, Paris. Abstracts in French, Portuguese, English. Full text articles on-line. Annual academic journal first published in 1994. Political analysis of Portuguese-speaking countries. Search by keyword across all issues in English, Portuguese, and French. http://www.cean.u-bordeaux.fr/lusotopie/

Some articles:
Protestantismo e proselitismo na Guiné-Bissau. Reflexões sobre o insucesso do proselitismo no Oio e na província Leste. Concerns the Muslim zone of Guinea-Bissau.
Islam in the Service of Colonialism ? Portuguese Strategy during the Armed Liberation Struggle in Mozambique.

Maps Relating to Islam's Historical Development

Are from the web site for the course "Introduction to Islamic Religion" of Barbara R. von Schlegell, Univ. of Pennsylvania. Examples are -

c. A.D. 1500 - http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~rs143/map6.jpg
c. A.D. 1300 - http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~rs143/map5.jpg

http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~rs143/map.html

Masonen, Pekka - "Not Quite Venus from the Waves: The Almoravid Conquest of Ghana in the Modern Historiography of Western Africa"

Full text article, [co-authored with Humphrey J. Fisher], from History in Africa, Vol. 23, 1996, pp. 197-232. The article "focuses on the alleged Almoravid conquest of Ghana in 1076 AD and the spread of Islam in the Sudanic Africa." "This version is not identical to the printed version of 1996. Several printing errors are corrected and there are a few additions, including subtitles. The arguments are, however, unchanged." "...there is no direct evidence for any conquest, still less a violent and destructive conquest, of Ghana by the Almoravids. The conquest hypothesis is a European creation." On Dr. Masonen's web site. http://www.uta.fi/~hipema/Venus.htm

Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology - Somalia Reports

Institute members working on Somalia / Somaliland include Jutta Bakonyi, Luca Ciabarri, Markus V. Höhne, Günther Schlee. The Institute is in Halle/Saale, Germany. http://www.eth.mpg.de/

Working Papers include -
Höhne, Markus V. - Traditional Authorities in Northern Somalia: Transformation of powers and positions. (29 p. in pdf). Working Paper, 82.

Schlee, Günther. - Regularity in Chaos: The politics of difference in the recent history of Somalia (34 p. in pdf). Working Paper, 18.
Schlee, Günther. - Competition and Exclusion in Islamic and Non-Islamic Societies: an essay on purity and power. (26 p. in pdf). Working Paper, 52.

Mazrui, Ali - Islam in Africa

The World Affairs Council of Northern California has an audio lecture (requires sound card, speakers or headset) by Professor Ali Mazrui on Islam in Africa (April 2002). http://www.itsyourworld.org/

Metropolitan Museum of Art. Timeline of Art History

The African Art section covers different regions (Central Africa, Eastern Africa, Guinea Coast, Southern Africa, Western & Central Sudan, Archaeology & Rock Art). Maps, bibliographies, timeline for the continent. Explanations of features in the works depicted. Covers pre-colonial African empires & kingdoms, Islam in Africa, Christianity in Ethiopia and the Kongo Kingdom, African leadership, women, Trade among European and African precolonial nations, etc. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/splash.htm

Middle East Research & Information Project, MERIP (Washington, D.C.)

MERIP is a a non-profit, non-governmental organization, over 30 years old. Use the Search to locate articles on the Sudan such as "Migration, Modernity and Islam in Rural Sudan" by Victoria Bernal and "Sudan's Opposition and the US," by Dan Connell. [KF] http://www.merip.org/

MIT Libraries - Islamic Architecture, Art, and Urbanism

Guide to text resources (bibliographies, journals, databases) and visual resources (includes the Aga Khan Visual Archive. Some of its images are in Archnet. See Archnet's Digital Library for photographs of mosques and other buildings). From the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Libraries. http://libraries.mit.edu/guides/subjects/islamicarchitecture/

Mountain Voices

A rich resource. "interviews with over 300 people who live in mountain and highland regions round the world. Their testimonies offer a personal perspective on change and development." To access the interviews, one needs to register and fill out a questionnaire. Interviews from Lesotho, Kenya, Ethiopia, gathered by the Oral Testimony Programme of the Panos Institute. Topics discussed include agriculture, community, conflict, culture, development, economics, education, employment, environment, family life, festivals, food security, forestry, gender, health, history, identity, industry, crime, land, migration, politics, spiritual beliefs, tourism, etc. [KF] http://www.mountainvoices.org/

Northwestern University. Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought in Africa, ISITA

"The principle objectives of ISITA are: 1. Preserving, and disseminating information on, African Arabic manuscript libraries......." Has photographs from Timbuktu, the Mamma Haidara Library, and the Kati Family Library. "Africa is the home of roughly one quarter of the world's one 1.2 billion Muslim population. Approximately half of the population of Africa is Muslim, some countries being 90-100% Muslim, and every country having at least a significant Muslim minority of 5-10%." http://www.northwestern.edu/isita/index2.html

Has the Report from the Fourth Annual International Colloquium, "Gender and Islam in Africa: Discourses, Practices, and Empowerment of Women," held May 20-22, 2004 (4 p.) http://www.northwestern.edu/african-studies/programs_isia.html

Passport to Paradise: Visualizing Islam in West Africa and the Mouride Diaspora

Exhibition on "the Mourides, a mystical Muslim movement originating in Senegal, West Africa." Topics, illustrated by paintings and other media, include the rise of Islam, a biography of Amadu Bamba, the Mouride work ethic, Mouride women, the Mouride global networks, the saint's tomb at Touba.

Also
- the devotional sanctum of Serigne Faye with paintings by Assane Dione.
- a Mouride mosque and residential complex made entirely of straw
- followers of Sheikh Ibra Fall who are "apostles of hard work"
A book and an educational program accompnay the exhibit organized by the Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles.

For teachers there is a curriculum guide and online exhibition featuring biographies of the artists. http://www.fmch.ucla.edu/passporttoparadise.htm

Pouwels, Randall L.

Professor of African and Islamic history at the University of Central Arkansas. Ph.D. from UCLA (1979) with a specialty in Eastern Africa history. Publishes on East African history, the history of Islam in Africa, including Horn and Crescent, Cultural Change and Traditional Islam on the East African Coast, 800-1900. Co-edited The History of Islam in Africa. Current research is on the history of East Africa and the Indian Ocean in the 'middle' period, 1498-1840. http://www.uca.edu/divisions/academic/history/faculty_info/pouwels.htm

PRISM, Project for the Research of Islamist Movements

On "Islamic and Islamist movements in the social, cultural, ideological, and political fields..." Publishes Islam in Africa Newsletter. See Vol. 1, No. 2, June 2006. Also has an Occasional Papers series - (PRISM Occasional Papers vol. 4, 2006 No. 2 -- Africa - The Gold Mine of Al-Qaeda, and other papers. Based at the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel. http://www.e-prism.org/

Beginning June 28, 2006 there was some criticism on the discussion list, H-Africa regarding the contents of some of the articles.

Religiously Remapped: Mapping Religious Trends in Africa - Eugene Carl Adogla

Religious profiles for 54 African countries. 22 maps show the predominant religion, the main minority religion, Christianity, Catholicism, Protestantism, Islam, Sunnis, Shia and other branches of Islam, traditional religions, Baha'i, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Atheism, religious freedom, religion and conflict, interesting religious facts, religious change. Includes references. Completed 2007 by Eugene Adogla, funded by a Stanford University grant. http://www.religiouslyremapped.info/

Reynolds, Jonathan T. - "Islam, Politics and Women's Rights"

Full text article in Adobe pdf. 9 p. "From 1950 to 1966, politics in Nigeria’s predominantly Muslim Northern Region were dominated by the conflict between the conservative Northern People’s Congress (NPC) and the progressive Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU)." "What roles did women play in each of the political parties? What was each party’s stand on women’s suffrage and on such topics as women holding office? How was each stand justified in terms of Islamic ideology?" In Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1998. [KF] http://www.cssaame.ilstu.edu/issues/V18-1/REYNOLDS.pdf

Roskilde University - Indian Ocean as a Visionary Area Post-Multiculturalist Approaches to Culture and Globalisation

"project ...to develop collaboration between researchers in Denmark, India and South Africa – as well as Nordic and European colleagues – engaged in studies of transnationalism and cultural exchanges around the Indian Ocean." Bibliography, Map, mailing list. Based at the Department of Society and Globalisation, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark. http://www.ruc.dk/isg_en/IndianOcean/

Salih, M. A. Mohamed - Islamic NGOs in Africa: the Promise and Peril of Islamic Voluntarism

Site asks for a username and password but the paper can be accessed regardless. Abstract and full text paper. University of Copenhagen, Centre of African Studies. Occasional Paper, March 2002. Includes a list of Islamic NGOs in Africa and an extensive bibliography. [KF] http://www.teol.ku.dk/cas/NYHOMEPAGE/mapper/Occasional%20Papers/Occ_Salih.doc

Sankore’ Institute of Islamic - African Studies

"non-profit, non-political educational institution founded for the sole purpose of researching into the educational, political, cultural and religious heritage of Islamic Africa."was first conceived December 15, 1985..." It has been translating "Arabic and Ajami manuscripts of the Sokoto Caliphate from northern Nigeria..." Manuscripts are from Chad, Northern Nigeria, Mali. "S.I.I.A.S. has collected 1500 Arabic manuscripts and 48 Ajami manuscripts (Fulbe', Hausa, Wolof and Mande'). Of these, more than 50 have been translated and published by the institute" including the letter or autobiography of the enslaved Muslim Umar ibn Said. Holds classes in Houston, Tuskegee, Hartford, Los Angeles, San Diego, Oakland, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia. [KF] http://www.sankore.org/

Schrijver, Paul - Bibliography on Islam in Contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa

Published by the African Studies Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, 2006. (Research Report 82/2006). 285 pages. Also in PDF. Nominated for the 2008 Conover-Porter Award (African Studies Association). http://www.ascleiden.nl/Publications/Bibliographies/IslamInAfrica/

Sharia Debates in Africa

Sharia Debates and Their Perception by Christians and Muslims in Selected African Countries is a University of Bayreuth (Bayreuth, Germany) project on Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania. Includes reading lists. Has the full text of the 5 volumes of Sharia Implementation in Northern Nigeria 1999-2006: A Sourcebook. Compiled and edited by Philip Ostien. (Ibadan, Nigeria : Spectrum Books, 2007.) The "Internet edition includes additional documentary materials too voluminous for inclusion in the printed text." Maintained by Dr. Franz Kogelmann, Chair of Religious Studies, University of Bayreuth.. http://www.sharia-in-africa.net/

Slavery and Manumission Manuscripts of Timbuktu

"From the Bibliothèque Commémorative Mama Haidara in Timbuktu, Mali, a collection of 19th century manuscripts relating to slavery and manumission in Timbuktu. The materials, in Arabic script, provide documentation on Africans in slavery in Muslim societies." Browse the 206 mss. by subject. Project of the Center for Research Libraries, the Cooperative Africana Microform Project, CAMP, and Northwestern University. (CAMP)http://ecollections.crl.edu/cdm4/index_timbuktu.php?CISOROOT=/timbuktu

South African History Online - Online Books

Full text books. A very rich resource. Ex. - History of the Muslims in South Africa: A Chronology - By Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida. http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/library-resources/library-search.htm

[Taha] Republican Thought - Ustadh Mahmoud Mohammed Tahad

In English and Arabic. The life and thought of Ustadh Mahmoud Mohammed Taha. Biography of Taha, history of his Republican Party and movement and his execution by the government in 1985.. The texts of his books in Arabic, interviews, letters. About Islam, Islam in the Sudan, education , etc. [KF] http://www.alfikra.org/

This Far by Faith: African-American Spiritual Journeys

Site for the TV program. Site does not work in some older browsers. Includes a profile of Olaudah Equiano, an essay on Religion in Africa (includes Islam), and a timeline beginning with 1526: the first North American slave revolt. Estimated Number of Africans Exported By Region, Estimated Number of Africans, Imported to the Americas,1451-1870. "a co-production of Blackside Inc. and The Faith Project, Inc. in association with the Independent Television Service. [KF] http://www.pbs.org/thisfarbyfaith/

Tierno Bokar

Site for the play directed by Peter Brook adapted from Amadou Hampate Ba's book, Vie et enseignement de Tierno Bokar: le sage de Bandiagara. The U.S. premiere was at Columbia University. "Tierno Bokar (1875-1939) was a Sufi sage,... and a spiritual leader in his village in Mali. His clan, exponents of repeating a Sufi prayer 12 times, was embroiled in a debate with a rival clan that advocated repeating it 11 times, a debate that devolved into a conflict over power and leadership in the Tijani Sufi Order. Video clips and transcripts of interviews. Site at Columlbia University, New York city. [KF] http://www.tiernobokar.columbia.edu

United States. Central Intelligence Agency. World Factbook

Has older maps of Muslim distribution. https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html

United States Institute of Peace. Muslim World Initiative - Political Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Need for a New Research and Diplomatic Agenda

By David Dickson. (SPECIAL REPORT 140). 2005. Includes statistics on the number of Muslims & Christians in West African and Greater Horn of Africa countries. Includes a map showing the Muslim population in Africa. (Also a PDF version in 12 pages). [KF]

United States Institute of Peace - Personal Transformations: Moving from Violence to Peace

By Renee Garfinkel. Full text report. About individuals who have abandoned extremism and become proponents of conciliation and peace. Includes short account of Northern Nigeria peacebuilding between Muslims and Christians. http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr186.html

University of Calgary - The Islamic World to 1600.

"From the introduction to the first millennium of Islamic history" Includes under Regional Dynasties, a section on West Africa. Developed by the Applied History Research Group, University of Calgary. http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/islam/ also in hisreligion

University of California Press - eScholarship Editions

Many full text books online. Some titles open only to University of California users. Browse by subjects African History (over 20 titles) and African Studies (over 50 titles). http://content.cdlib.org/escholarship/

Titles open to all include -
Beyond the Stream: Islam and Society in a West African Town. Author: Robert G. Launay Published: University of California Press, 1992

University of Texas (Austin), Perry-Castaneda Library Map Collection - Africa Maps

The Univ. of Texas has an Islam in Africa map which can be zoomed. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa.html

West African Arabic Manuscript Database

A bi-lingual union catalog of records for over 20,000 Arabic manuscripts from West Africa. Find citations by authors, nicknames, titles, subjects. Includes manuscripts from Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Northern Nigeria and from collections in Paris and Northwestern Univ. The documents represent "the literary activity of Muslim literati in the Sahel region during the approximately 150 years prior to colonial conquest." Charles C. Stewart, Professor, Department of History, University of Illinois, Champaign is General Editor. [KF] http://www.arabic.uiuc.edu/

White Fathers / Pères Blancs / Société des Missionnaires d'Afrique

In French and English. "The Society of the Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) was born in Algeria, founded in 1868 by Mgr Charles Lavigerie, archbishop of Algiers." Includes statistics on members, list of White Fathers martyrs (died violent deaths), work in Africa, relations with Islam, their journal, Voix d'Afrique, and other publications, historical photographs, directory of addresses / emails, etc. [KF] http://www.africamission-mafr.org/

Wonders of the African World - Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

Covers Black Pharaohs, Meroe, Gedi, the Swahili People, Zanzibar, the Ashanti and Dahomey (Benin) Kingdoms, Aksum, Gondar, the Churches of Lalibela, the Dogon, Grand Mosque of Djenne, Empires of Mali & Ghana, the Tuareg, Great Zimbabwe, a 1,000 year old South African city - Mapangubwe, the Shona People, etc. Site based on the TV series hosted by Prof. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. (Harvard Univ.) Includes a kids' activity page, teachers' lesson plans, audio clips. http://www.pbs.org/wonders/

For comments on H-Africa about the TV series, see: http://www.h-net.msu.edu/~africa/threads/index.html#Films In the Film section, page down to "Wonders of the African World".

A Preliminary Critique from Prof. Ali Mazrui and Black Orientalism. http://igcs.binghamton.edu/igcs_site/dirton2.htm

Africa Update (Central Connecticut State University) Vol. 7, No. 1, Winter 2000 on the debate. http://www.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/updtWin2k.htm

New York Times book review by William Langewiesche.

West Africa Review, Special issues of the e-journal on the TV series.
Vol. 1, No. 2, Jan. 2000.
Vol. 1, No. 2a, March 2000.

Woodrow Wilson Center Africa Program

Promotes "dialogue between scholars and policymakers in Washington, DC and around the world. .....organizes public conferences and discussions in Washington, DC and offers fellowships and residencies to African and American scholars focusing on public policy in Africa wishing to study at the Wilson Center. The Africa Program has an Occasional Papers series. Papers include, Women, Muslim Laws and Human Rights in Nigeria. Based in Washington, D.C. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/africa

[Wurno] - Malam Haliru Muhammad Wurno

" Malam Haliru Muhammad Wurno was a historian who lived in Wurno Nigeria, sometime capital of the Sokoto Caliphate and final resting place of Sultan Muhammad Bello and other rulers and Wazirs of the Caliphate." The documents are in Arabic and posted by Prof. John Edward Philips who hopes that site visitors will contribute to this experiment in web publication of a collective translation of Haliru's writings. Prof. Philips teaches at Hirosaki University in Japan. http://human.cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp/philips/Haliru/haliru.htm or http://www2.gol.com/users/philips/Haliru/haliru.htm

Yattara, Almamy Maliki and Bernard Salvaing - Almamy : une jeunesse sur les rives du fleuve Niger

In French. Preface by Adame Ba Konari. (Imprint: Brinon-sur-Sauldre : Grandvaux, 2000. 443 p.) "Almamy Yattara, born in Mali in about 1922, tells the story of his childhood and youth in Guimballa, a region to the south-west of Timbuctoo. At the same time as he was pursuing his higher education in Islamic studies with great masters, he learned about agriculture, stock breeding, commerce, fishing, hunting, living in a world where the supernatural and the everyday are inextricably linked." "He presents an unusual light on the encounter between Islam and colonisation in a region of Mali still hardly affected by modern and colonial influences. Has extracts from the book, photos, reviews of the book. http://salvaing.free.fr

Print Sources

Schrijver, Paul.
Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa.
Leiden : African Studies Centre, c2006. 275 p.
Series: (Research report / African Studies Centre ; 82/2006)